Tacitus tells us that the Romans experienced a number of tribal revolts in the 1st cent. The latter is often assumed to be the palace of the pro-Roman British king Cogidubnus, although this is impossible to prove. Some very large early villas are known, such as Eccles in Kent and Fishbourne in Sussex. The Romans also brought their particular style of architecture to the countryside in the form of villas. The earliest phases of towns, dating to the mid-1st cent., reveal timber strip buildings-houses and shops-as well as stone public buildings such as Roman temples and administrative headquarters. A number of important military installations, notably the legionary fortresses, were built close to pre-existing tribal centres ( oppida) which then became the focus of important Romano-British towns, such as Colchester. The Roman army built legionary fortresses, forts, camps, and roads, and assisted with the construction of buildings in towns. Within a generation the British landscape had changed considerably. The process of the incorporation of the province into the social and economic systems of the Roman empire is known as ‘romanization’, and the speed and manner with which the Britons became Romanized is currently the subject of academic debate. The island was subsequently occupied by the Romans who took advantage of Britain's mineral and agricultural wealth. In ad 43 Emperor Claudius invaded Britain on the pretext of dealing with troublesome tribal princes and druids. Although there had been increasing contact between Britain and the classical world during the late Iron Age, the first official Roman presence in Britain was that of Julius Caesar in 55–54 bc.
Britain was the Roman province Britannia, ad 43–410.
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